How do latitude and proximity to oceans influence Canada's climate, and name two climate regions found in Canada.

• A. Latitude controls solar radiation; oceans moderate temperatures and provide moisture; climate regions include Humid Continental and Subarctic.
• B. Latitude is irrelevant; climate is determined by altitude only; climate regions include Desert and Rainforest.
• C. Oceans raise temperatures exclusively; climate regions include Tundra and Steppe.
• D. Latitude controls wind patterns only; climates include Mediterranean and Alpine.

Answer: (A)

Latitude sets how much solar energy a place receives, which mainly controls average temperatures and how much the seasons swing. Proximity to oceans changes that picture by buffering extremes—oceans make summers cooler and winters milder—and they deliver more moisture, so precipitation patterns shift. Put together, these factors create Canada's broad climate differences as you move north or toward the coasts.

In practice, you’ll find Humid Continental climates in much of southern Canada, where summers can be warm and winters cold, with precipitation fairly well distributed throughout the year. This region supports farming and has noticeable seasonal changes. Farther north, the Subarctic climate takes over, with long, very cold winters and short, cool summers, and with boreal forests spanning the landscape. These two regions are typical examples of how latitude and ocean influence shape Canada's climate.