Distinguish between weather and climate, and give an example from Canada for each.

• A. Weather is long-term climate patterns; climate is a single snowy day.
• B. Weather is a short-term condition; climate is a long-term pattern; Example: a snowy day in Winnipeg (weather) and cold winters in the Prairies (climate).
• C. Weather is a short-term condition; climate is a long-term pattern; Example: a snowy day in Winnipeg for climate, cold Prairies for weather.
• D. Weather and climate are the same concept.

Answer: (B)

Weather is the short-term state of the atmosphere in a place—temperature, precipitation, wind on a given day or week. Climate is the long-term pattern of those conditions in a region, typically averaged over many years (about 30). In Canada, a snowy day in Winnipeg shows weather—it's a specific, short-term event. The climate of the Prairies, by contrast, reflects long-term patterns of cold winters and dry conditions. This combination demonstrates the difference: weather is the day-to-day state, while climate is the overall pattern over many years. Other options mix up the time scales or treat weather and climate as the same, which isn’t how these terms are used.